GLP-1 drugs and 8 healthy lifestyle habits may lower cardiovascular risk

• In a new observational study, the use of GLP-1s alongside healthy lifestyle habits was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular issues for people with type 2 diabetes.
• Participants using a GLP-1 and adhering to six-to-eight healthy habits had a 43% lower risk of issues like heart attacks and strokes compared with those not using a GLP-1 and adhering to three or fewer healthy habits.
• GLP-1 use and adherence to healthy habits also reduced the risk of cardiovascular issues independently of each other.

GLP-1 medications are known for their use in treating diabetes and assisting with weight loss.

The name GLP-1 is short for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. They work by mimicking the effects of a hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 that plays a role in blood sugar regulation as well as influencing digestion and feelings of fullness after eating.

People with type 2 diabetes, obesity, or both often receive advice on lifestyle habits that might help with managing these conditions, and this is also the case when doctors prescribe GLP-1s.

Healthy habits such as eating a healthy diet, exercising, and avoiding smoking can all help with blood sugar control and support healthy weight loss.

While many studies have looked at how healthy lifestyle choices can support the use of GLP-1 medications, less attention has been paid to their long-term effects on cardiovascular health.

Cardiovascular disease is an important consideration for people with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association reports that people with diabetes are twice as likely to have heart disease or a stroke than those who do not.

This new study, published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology and funded by the Department of Veteran Affairs, aims to shine a light on how effective lifestyle and medication together might be at protecting people with diabetes.